| Population and dwelling counts |
Population, 2016 |
8,164,361 |
| Population and dwelling counts |
2011 to 2016 population change (%) |
3.3 |
| Population and dwelling counts |
Population density per square kilometre |
6.0 |
| Population and dwelling counts |
Total private dwellings |
3,858,943 |
| Population and dwelling counts |
Population share (%) |
23.2 |
| Age and sex |
Proportion (%) 65 years and over |
18.3 |
| Age and sex |
% change 65 years and over (2011 to 2016) |
18.9 |
| Age and sex |
Proportion (%) less than 15 years |
16.3 |
| Age and sex |
Proportion (%) 15 to 64 years |
65.4 |
| Age and sex |
Male/female ratio (number of males per 100 females) |
96.8 |
| Age and sex |
Average age |
41.9 |
| Type of dwelling |
% of occupied private dwellings that are single-detached houses |
45.4 |
| Type of dwelling |
Number of persons living in collective dwellings |
198,035 |
| Type of dwelling |
% of people aged 85 and over living in collective dwellings |
41.1 |
| Type of dwelling |
% of occupied private dwellings in buildings with five or more storeys |
5.3 |
| Families, households and marital status |
One-person households (%) |
33.3 |
| Families, households and marital status |
Common-law couples (%) |
39.9 |
| Families, households and marital status |
Couples with children (%) |
48.3 |
| Families, households and marital status |
Young adults 20 to 34 living with their parents (%) |
30.3 |
| Language |
English-French bilingualism rate (%) |
44.5 |
| Language |
Population with more than one language spoken at home (%) |
19.0 |
| Language |
Official language minority (%) |
13.7 |
| Language |
Population with a mother tongue other than English or French |
1,173,340 |
| Income |
Median total income of households in 2015 ($) |
59,822 |
| Income |
Median employment income in 2015 of persons 25 to 54 ($) |
39,856 |
| Income |
Proportion (%) of total income from government transfers in 2015 |
15.6 |
| Income |
Proportion (%) of population in low income in 2015 |
14.6 |
| Income |
% change in median total income of households (2005 to 2015) |
8.9 |
| Income |
% change in median employment income of persons 25 to 54 (2005 to 2015) |
6.4 |
| Income |
Difference in the proportion of total income from government transfers (2005 to 2015) |
1.7 |
| Income |
Difference in the proportion of the population in low income (2005 to 2015) |
- 0.7 |
| Income |
Proportion (%) of persons younger than 18 in low income in 2015 |
14.3 |
| Income |
Difference in the proportion of persons younger than 18 in low income (2005 to 2015) |
- 1.9 |
| Income |
Proportion (%) of seniors in low income in 2015 |
18.7 |
| Income |
Difference in the proportion of seniors in low income (2005 to 2015) |
2.5 |
| Immigration and ethnocultural diversity |
Immigrants (%) |
13.7 |
| Immigration and ethnocultural diversity |
Second generation population (%) |
9.9 |
| Immigration and ethnocultural diversity |
Visible minority population (%) |
13.0 |
| Immigration and ethnocultural diversity |
Number of recent immigrants (landed between 2011 and 2016) |
215,170 |
| Housing |
Homeownership rate (%) |
61.3 |
| Housing |
% of households spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs (shelter-cost-to-income-ratio) |
21.0 |
| Housing |
Households in unsuitable housing (rate) |
3.8 |
| Housing |
Households living in dwellings in need of major repairs (rate) |
6.4 |
| Aboriginal peoples |
Aboriginal population, 2016 |
182,890 |
| Aboriginal peoples |
2006 to 2016 Aboriginal population change (%) |
66.1 |
| Aboriginal peoples |
Average age of the Aboriginal population |
36.4 |
| Education |
Percentage of adults aged 25 to 64 with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma |
19.8 |
| Education |
Percentage of adults aged 25 to 64 with a college diploma |
19.0 |
| Education |
Percentage of adults aged 25 to 64 with a bachelor's degree or higher |
25.5 |
| Education |
Percentage of adults aged 25 to 64 with a college diploma who studied STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) |
20.0 |
| Education |
Percentage of adults aged 25 to 64 with a bachelor's degree or higher who studied STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) |
22.9 |
| Education |
Percentage of adults aged 25 to 64 who obtained their highest postsecondary qualification in their province or territory of residence |
86.1 |
| Labour |
Proportion of adults aged 25 to 54 years who worked full year, full time in 2015 |
48.4 |
| Labour |
Number of workers employed in the manufacturing sector |
436,045 |
| Labour |
Number of workers employed in the Public administration |
255,760 |
| Labour |
Number of employed women who are family physicians |
6,940 |
| Labour |
Number of employed women who are police officers |
4,570 |
| Journey to work |
% using public transit to get to work, 2016 |
13.7 |
| Journey to work |
Average commuting duration, in minutes, 2016 |
25.8 |
| Language of work |
% of workers using English or French at work |
99.7 |
| Language of work |
% of workers using more than one language at work |
38.6 |
